Techniques and technology of gold leaf gilding of interiors and exteriors

Gilding with gold leaf is one of the oldest and most luxurious techniques of decoration. The use of this material in interiors and exteriors allows you to create a unique atmosphere of sophistication and prestige. Modern gilding technologies combine traditional methods with modern materials, ensuring the durability and brightness of the coating.

What is gold leaf?

Gold leaf is a thin sheet of gold (about 0.1 micron thick) that is used for surface finishing. Gold in this form is extremely malleable, easily applied to any shape or material: wood, metal, plaster or stone. It is an ideal material for gilding mouldings, furniture, metal elements, domes, iconostases and other decorative objects. Its main advantage is its ability to retain its lustre and rich colour for decades.

Gilding techniques

Gilding can be done with different techniques, depending on the surface, the desired effect and the conditions of use. The main techniques include:

1. water gilding technique.

This technique is used for decorative elements that are not subjected to significant physical impact. For example, gilding mouldings or furniture. The gold leaf is applied to a surface previously coated with a water-based adhesive (bolus). After drying, the gold is retained on the surface, creating an even and shiny coating.

2. oil gilding technique

It is used to treat external decorative elements such as building facades, metal gilding or domes. For this technique a special gilding varnish is used, which ensures high adhesion of gold to the surface. Oil gilding is weather resistant, which makes it indispensable for exteriors.

3. Hybrid methods

Modern craftsmen often combine traditional techniques with innovative materials such as polymer adhesives or resin-based coatings. This makes it possible to apply gilding even to complex objects such as iconostases, domes or carved furniture.

The gilding process

Gilding consists of several steps, each of which affects the quality and durability of the coating.

1. Surface Preparation

Before gold plating, the surface is cleaned, sanded and primed. For example, for metal gilding, an anti-corrosion treatment is needed, and for wood or gypsum – a primer based on chalk or glue.

2. Glue application

A gilding glue (bolus for water-based techniques or lacquer for oil-based techniques) is applied to the prepared surface. This layer ensures the adhesion of the gold to the base.

3. Applying gold leaf

Thin sheets of gold are carefully applied to the glue base using gilding brushes. The work is done in a draught-proof environment, as gold leaf is very light and fragile.

4. Finishing

After the gold has been applied, the surface is polished with special tools to give it a shiny finish. For exteriors, such as gilding of domes or facades, protective coatings are added to protect against ultraviolet light, moisture and mechanical damage.

Features of gilding of interiors

Gilding in interiors is used to decorate such elements as mouldings, iconostases, furniture, cornices, mirrors and frames. For example, gilding furniture gives it elegance and luxury, while gilding mouldings emphasises architectural details. Properly placed lighting enhances the effect of gold glitter, creating an atmosphere of cosiness and sophistication.

Features of exterior gilding

In exterior work, gilding is used for facades, church domes, sculptures and other architectural elements. Because of its resistance to corrosion, gold is ideal for exteriors. The gilding of domes, for example, is done with an oil technique to ensure maximum durability of the coating even in unfavourable weather conditions.

Advantages of using gold leaf

Durability: gold does not oxidise or lose its lustre even after decades.

Aesthetics: gold plating adds status and luxury to objects.

Resistant to influences: gold leaf is not afraid of ultraviolet light, humidity and temperature fluctuations.

Versatility: it is used for gilding mouldings, furniture, metal, domes, iconostases and other decorative objects.

Gilding with gold leaf is a unique combination of art and technology that gives objects exceptional beauty and durability. Thanks to modern methods and materials, this technique is used in a wide variety of projects – from restoration of historical buildings to creation of exclusive interiors and exteriors. Gilding mouldings, furniture, metal, domes or iconostases is always a choice in favour of beauty that will survive the ages.